Muva nje, ukuthutha olwandle kuye kwaphakama futhi, ikakhulukazi umphumela wovemvane obangelwa ukuvinjelwa kweSuzanne Canal, okwenze izimo zokuthutha ezazivele zingamukeleki zaqina nakakhulu.
Khona-ke umngane wezohwebo wabuza: indlela yokucaphuna amakhasimende anamazinga anjalo angazinzile futhi akhuphuka njalo?Ekuphenduleni lesi simo, sizohlaziya izindaba ezithile ngokuningiliziwe.
01
Ngingacaphuna kanjani ama-oda angakabanjiswana?
Ikhanda elibuhlungu kubahwebi: Ngisanda kunikeza ikhasimende ikhotheshini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, futhi namuhla umthumeli wempahla wazise ukuthi umthwalo ukhuphuke futhi.Ngingacaphuna kanjani lokhu?Ngivame ukutshela amakhasimende ukuthi ukwenyuka kwentengo akukuhle, kodwa angikwazi ukuthola ukuthi impahla izokwenyuka kanjani.Kumele ngenzeni?
U-Baiyun ukweluleka: Kumakhasimende angakasayini inkontileka futhi asesesigabeni sekhotheshini, ukuze agweme ukuthintwa ukwenyuka okungazinzile kwempahla yasolwandle, kufanele sicabange ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezengeziwe kwikhotheshini yethu noma i-PI.Izinyathelo zokulwa zimi kanje:
1. Zama ukucaphuna i-EXW (elethwe efekthri) noma i-FOB (elethwe ebhodini echwebeni lokuthunyelwa) kukhasimende.Umthengi (ikhasimende) uphethe impahla yasolwandle yalezi zindlela ezimbili zokuhweba, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba sikhathazeke ngale nkinga yokuthutha olwandle.
Ikhotheshini enjalo ngokuvamile ivela lapho ikhasimende linomthumeli wezimpahla oqokiwe, kodwa ngezikhathi ezikhethekile, singaphinde sixoxisane nekhasimende futhi sisebenzise i-EXW noma i-FOB ukucaphuna ukuze sidlulise ingozi yempahla;
2. Uma ikhasimende lidinga i-CFR (izindleko + zempahla) noma i-CIF (izindleko + umshwalense + wezimpahla), kufanele sicaphune kanjani?
Njengoba kudingekile ukwengeza ikhotheshini yempahla ku-quotation, kunezindlela ezimbalwa esingazisebenzisa:
1) Setha isikhathi eside sokusebenza, njengenyanga eyodwa noma izinyanga ezintathu, ukuze inani licashunwe liphakeme kancane ukuze livimbele isikhathi sokukhushulwa kwentengo;
2) Setha isikhathi esifushane sokuqinisekisa, 3, 5, noma izinsuku ezingu-7 zingasethwa, uma isikhathi seqiwe, impahla izobalwa kabusha;
3) Ikhotheshini kanye namazwana: Lena imali eshiwo manje eyireferensi, futhi imali ethile eshiwo yingcaphuno yempahla ibalwa ngokusekelwe esimweni ngosuku lokufaka i-oda noma isimo ngosuku lokuthunyelwa kwayo;
4) Faka umusho owengeziwe kwikhotheshini noma kwinkontileka: Izimo ezingaphandle kwesivumelwano zizoxoxisana yizo zombili izinhlangothi.(Izimo ezingaphandle kwesivumelwano kuzoxoxiswana ngazo zombili izinhlangothi).Lokhu kusinikeza ithuba lokuxoxa ngokukhuphuka kwamanani esikhathini esizayo.Ngakho yini ngaphandle kwesivumelwano?Ikakhulukazi ibhekisela kwezinye izehlakalo ezingazelelwe.Isibonelo, ukuvinjwa okungalindelekile kweSuzanne Canal kuyingozi.Kuyisimo esingaphandle kwesivumelwano.Isimo esinjalo kufanele sibe indaba ehlukile.
02
Ungayenyusa kanjani intengo kukhasimende ukuze uthole i-oda ngaphansi kokukhishwa kwenkontileka?
Ikhanda elibuhlungu kubadayisi: Ngokwenqubo ye-CIF transaction, impahla ibikwa ekhasimendeni, futhi ikhotheshini isebenza kuze kube ngu-April 18. Ikhasimende lisayina inkontileka ngoMashi 12, futhi ikhotheshini yempahla ibalwa ngokwekhotheshini ngoMashi. 12, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwethu ukulethwa kungase kuthathe kuze kube ngu-April 28. Uma impahla yasolwandle idlula ikhotheshini yethu ye-CIF ngalesi sikhathi, kuthiwani?Chazela ikhasimende?Izimpahla zasolwandle zibalwa ngokwangempela?
Uma ufuna ukunyusa intengo ye-oda elenziwayo, kufanele uxoxisane nekhasimende.Umsebenzi ungenziwa kuphela ngemva kwemvume yekhasimende.
Icala elibi: Ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwempahla, umhwebi wanquma ngokungafanele ukwazisa umenzeli wekhasimende ukuthi anyuse intengo ngaphandle kokuxoxisana nekhasimende.Ngemuva kokuthi ikhasimende lizwile ngakho, ikhasimende lacasuka lathi kwephula ubuqotho nokwenze ukuthi ikhasimende lihoxise i-oda labe selimangalela lowo owayelidayisela ngokukhwabanisa..Kubuhlungu ukubambisana kahle, ngoba imininingwane ayizange isingathwe ngendlela, okudale inhlekelele.
Okunamathiselwe i-imeyili yokuxoxisana namakhasimende mayelana nokwenyuka kwamazinga omthwalo wempahla yesithenjwa sakho:
Sawubona Mnumzana,
Ngiyajabula ukukwazisa ukuthi i-oda lakho lisekukhiqizweni okuvamile futhi kulindeleke ukuthi lilethwe ngo-April 28.Nokho, kunenkinga esidinga ukuxhumana nawe.
Ngenxa yokukhula kwesidingo esingakaze sibe khona kanye nokwenyuka kwezinga eliqhubekayo ngenxa ye-force majeure, olayini bokuthumela bamemezele amanani amasha.Ngenxa yalokho, umthwalo we-oda lakho udlule isibalo sokuqala cishe ngama-$5000.
Amanani wezimpahla azinzile okwamanje, ukuze sifeze kahle lo myalelo, sizobala kabusha ukwanda kwempahla ngokwesimo ngosuku lokuthunyelwa.Ngethemba lokuthola ukuqonda kwakho.
Noma yimuphi umbono sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-imeyili yokuxoxisana nje ayanele.Kufanele futhi siveze ubufakazi bokuthi lesi simo esisishilo siyiqiniso.Ngalesi sikhathi, sidinga ukuthumela isaziso/isimemezelo sokwenyuka kwentengo esithunyelwe yinkampani yokuthumela ekhasimendeni ukuze sibuyekezwe.
03
Lapho impahla olwandle izokwanda, iyokwanda nini?
Kunezici ezimbili zokushayela zezinga eliphezulu lezimpahla zokuthutha amabhokisi, enye iwukuguqulwa kwendlela yokusetshenziswa eqhutshwa umqedazwe, kanti enye iwukuphazamiseka kochungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Ukuminyana kwamachweba kanye nokushoda kwemishini kuzokhungatha unyaka wonke ka-2021, kanti inkampani ethwala impahla izophinde ikhiphe inzuzo ka-2022 ngenkontileka yempahla ephezulu esayinwe kulo nyaka.Ngoba kumphathi, izinto ngemuva kuka-2022 zingase zingabi lula kangako.
Inkampani yolwazi ngemikhumbi i-Sea Intelligence nayo ithe ngoMsombuluko amachweba amakhulu ase-Europe naseNyakatho Melika asazabalaza ukubhekana nesiminyaminya esidalwe yimakethe yamakhonteyina ekhulayo ezinyangeni ezedlule.
Ngokwemininingwane yenkampani ethwala amakhonteyina yaseNingizimu Korea i-HMM, inkampani ehlaziyayo ithole ukuthi akukho okukhombisa ukuthi inkinga (yokuminyana kwamachweba) eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika isithuthukisiwe.
Kokubili ukushoda kwamabhokisi kanye nokusatshalaliswa okungalingani kweziqukathi kunikeza ukwesekwa kokukhuphuka kwezindleko zokuthutha.Uma sithatha amanani okuthumela e-China-US njengesibonelo, idatha evela ku-Shanghai Shipping Exchange ikhombisa ukuthi maphakathi no-March, intengo yokuthutha esuka e-Shanghai iye ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-United States ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-US$3,999 (cishe i-RMB 26,263) nge-40- isiqukathi sonyawo, esifana nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2020. Lokho kuwukwenyuka ngo-250%.
Abahlaziyi be-Morgan Stanley MUFG Securities bathi uma kuqhathaniswa nemali yenkontileka yonyaka ngo-2020, impahla ekhona njengamanje inegebe lezikhathi ezi-3 kuye kwezi-4.
Ngokwezibikezelo zakamuva zabahlaziyi be-Okazaki Securities yaseJapan, uma ukushoda kweziqukathi nokuboshwa kwemikhumbi kungenakuxazululwa, amanani aphezulu angavamile kulesi sigaba azoqhubeka kuze kube okungenani uJuni.Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi "i-jam enkulu yomkhumbi" e-Suez Canal ibonakala yenza ukusebenza kweziqukathi zomhlaba "kubi kakhulu" lapho ibhalansi yeziqukathi zomhlaba wonke ingakabuyiselwa.
Kungabonakala ukuthi amazinga ezimpahla ezingazinzile futhi aphezulu azoba yinkinga yesikhathi eside, ngakho abadayisi bangaphandle kufanele balungiselele lokhu kusengaphambili.
-Kubhalwe ngu: Jacky Chen
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-07-2021
