Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni zezindwangu ezingalukiwe sekuqhubeke cishe iminyaka eyi-100.Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni zezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe ngomqondo wesimanje kwaqala ukuvela ngo-1878, futhi inkampani yaseBrithani uWilliam Bywater yakha umshini ophumelelayo wokubhoboza inaliti emhlabeni.Ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwezimboni ezingezona nokwelukiweyo kwaqala ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ekupheleni kwempi, imfucuza yomhlaba wonke elinde ukuphakama, isidingo sezindwangu ezihlukahlukene siyakhula.Kulokhu, indwangu engalukiwe ithole ukukhula ngokushesha, kuze kube manje inezigaba ezine:
Okokuqala, inkathi ye-embryonic, ekuqaleni kwawo-1940-50s, iningi lamabhizinisi endwangu asebenzisa imishini yokuvimbela i-off-the-shelf, ukuguqulwa okufanele, ukusetshenziswa kwemicu yemvelo ukwenza izinto ezingezona ezilukiwe.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-United States kuphela, iJalimane ne-United Kingdom kanye namanye amazwe ambalwa ocwaningweni nasekukhiqizeni izindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe, imikhiqizo yayo ikakhulukazi ikilasi le-wadding eliwugqinsi lezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe.Okwesibili, isikhathi sokukhiqiza ezentengiselwano sisekupheleni kwawo-1950-ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, ngalesi sikhathi ikakhulukazi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe benqubo eyomile kanye nobuchwepheshe benqubo emanzi, kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu lemicu yamakhemikhali ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-nonwovens.
Okwesithathu, isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa esibalulekile, ekuqaleni kwawo-1970-ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980, ngalesi sikhathi i-polymerization, isethi ephelele ye-extrusion yemigqa yokukhiqiza yazalwa.Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemicu ekhethekile engalukiwe, njengemicu encibilikayo ephansi, imicu ebopha ukushisa, imicu ye-bicomponent, imicu ephezulu kakhulu, njll.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwe-nonwovens yomhlaba wonke kufinyelele amathani angama-20,000, inani lomkhiqizo elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200 zamadola aseMelika.Lena imboni entsha esekelwe ekubambisaneni phakathi kwamakhemikhali e-petrochemical, amakhemikhali epulasitiki, amakhemikhali amahle, okwenza amaphepha kanye nezimboni zendwangu, eyaziwa ngokuthi imboni yokuphuma kwelanga embonini yendwangu, imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziswe kakhulu emikhakheni ehlukene yomnotho wezwe.Ngesisekelo sokukhula okusheshayo kokukhiqizwa kwama-nonwovens, ubuchwepheshe be-nonwovens buye benza inqubekelaphambili enkulu, edonse ukunaka komhlaba wonke, futhi indawo yokukhiqiza ama-nonwovens nayo yanda ngokushesha.Okwesine, isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wonke, ekuqaleni kwawo-1990 kuze kube manje, amabhizinisi angalukiwe abe yintuthuko enkulu.Ngokusungulwa kwemishini emisha, ukwenziwa kahle kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo, ubuhlakani bemishini kanye nokubeka uphawu emakethe, ubuchwepheshe obungalukiwe buba buthuthuke kakhulu futhi buvuthwe, okokusebenza kuba yinkimbinkimbi, izinto ezingalukiwe kanye nokusebenza komkhiqizo kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, umthamo wokukhiqiza kanye nochungechunge lomkhiqizo luyaqhubeka nokukhula, okusha. imikhiqizo, ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha kuvela ngokulandelana.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-07-2022
